Understanding narcissism and animal behavior requires a critical mindset that separates ideology from evidence. Narcissistic Personality Disorder is a nuanced condition influenced more by environment than heredity, with gender differences in how it manifests. Similarly, elephant behavior defies simplistic, idealized portrayals, revealing a complex social structure rife with conflict.
For both psychology and ethology, acknowledging complexity and avoiding oversimplification leads to better knowledge and more effective interventions, whether in clinical settings or wildlife conservation. Narcissism: Heredity, Overt-Covert Genders, Confabulation, and Elephants